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Monument details
HER Number: | TQ 67 SW 1427 |
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Type of record: | Monument |
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Name: | Late iron age to early/middle Roman activity west of Northfleet Roman villa, Northfleet |
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Summary
Excavations in advance of the construction of the Channel Tunnel Rail Link in 2001 found limited evidence of iron age activity to the north-west of Northfleet Roman villa. This consisted of a single gully orientated north-west to south-east and three pits accompanied by a small number of late iron age or early Roman pot sherds. During the early/middle Roman period the area was more densely used with a series of small enclosures and a trackway being established. After these features had silted up the area was reorganised. A substantial enclosure with a north-east facing entrance was constructed. In the north-east corner was an over that was later (by c. AD 260) replaced by a rectangular structure. By the late Roman period activity in the area was reduced to several pits and ditches
Grid Reference: | TQ 6140 7413 |
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Map Sheet: | TQ67SW |
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Parish: | SWANSCOMBE AND GREENHITHE, DARTFORD, KENT |
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Monument Types
- GULLY (Late Iron Age to Roman - 100 BC? to 70 AD?)
- PIT (Late Iron Age to Roman - 100 BC? to 409 AD?)
- DITCH (Roman - 50 AD? to 409 AD?)
- ENCLOSURE (Roman - 200 AD? to 260 AD?)
- OVEN (Roman - 200 AD? to 260 AD?)
Associated Finds
- FLUE TILE (Undated)
- POTTERY ASSEMBLAGE (Late Iron Age to Roman - 100 BC? to 409 AD?)
- HEADSTUD BROOCH (Roman - 69 AD to 96 AD)
- BEAKER (Roman - 200 AD? to 260 AD?)
- DISH (Roman - 200 AD? to 260 AD?)
Full description
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Excavations associated with the Channel Tunnel Rail lin from 1997 to 2001 discovered extensive evidence of a Roman villa complex at Northfleet (see TQ 67 SW 38).
Excavations found limited evidence of iron age activity to the north-west of Northfleet Roman villa. This consisted of a single gully orientated north-west to south-east and three pits accompanied by a small number of late iron age or early Roman pot sherds (source 1 p135).
The ephemeral late iron age - early Roman activity was superceded by c. AD 120 by a large 'L' shaped ditch that may have represented part of an enclosure. Two parallel possible boundary ditches ran noth-east to south-west a short distasnce ot the south. These contained Roman pottery including samian ware and Thameside/Upchurch grey ware dating to c. AD 120/30. A group of 4 pits also dated to this period.
By the middle Roman period (AD 200) this area had become more complex with a series of small enclosed spaces and a north-south trackway being established (source 1 p 169).
After these features had silted up the area was reorganised. A substantial enclosure with a north-east facing entrance was constructed. In the north-east corner was an oven that was later (by c. AD 260) replaced by a rectangular structure. The oven contained sherds of pottery and a half-box flue tile. The later enclosure contained pottery including triangular-rimmed dishes, a cooking jar, and poppyhead beakers (source 1 p 180). By the late Roman period activity in the area was reduced to several pits and ditches (source 1 p 188) (1-7)
Location accurate to 1m based on available information.
<1> Oxford Wessex Archaeology Joint Venture, 2010, Settling the Ebbsfleet Valley. CTRL Excavations at Springhead and Northfleet, Kent. The Late Iron Age, Roman, Saxon, and Medieval Landscape (Unpublished document). SKE31245.
<3> Oxford Archaeological Unit, 1997, The Ebbsfleet Valley, Northfleet, Kent: ARC EFT 97: Archaeological Evaluation: Volume 1 Report (Unpublished document). SKE12220.
<4> Oxford Archaeological Unit, 1997, The Ebbsfleet Valley, Northfleet Kent, ARC EFT 97: Archaeological Evalaution: Volume 2 Appendices (Unpublished document). SKE12221.
<5> Oxford Archaeological Unit, 1997, The Ebbsfleet Valley, Northfleet, Kent: ARC EFT 97: Archaeological Evaluation: Volume 3 Figures and Plates (Unpublished document). SKE12222.
<6> Oxford Archaeology, 2003, Ebbsfleet Valley Detailed Mitigation Works, Northfleet, Kent: Interim Statement (Unpublished document). SKE12256.
<7> Oxford Archaeological Unit, 2001, Channel Tunnel Rail Link Ebbsfleet Sports Ground, Northfleet, ARC ESG00, Phase 2 Evaluation Archaeological Works Fieldwork Report Final (Unpublished document). SKE12227.
<8> Oxford Wessex Archaeology Joint Venture, 2011, Settling the Ebbsfleet Valley. CTRL Excavations at Springhead and Northfleet, Kent. Volume 2: Late Iron Age to Roman Finds Reports (Monograph). SKE32435.
Sources and further reading
Cross-ref.
| Source description | <1> | Unpublished document: Oxford Wessex Archaeology Joint Venture. 2010. Settling the Ebbsfleet Valley. CTRL Excavations at Springhead and Northfleet, Kent. The Late Iron Age, Roman, Saxon, and Medieval Landscape. |
<3> | Unpublished document: Oxford Archaeological Unit. 1997. The Ebbsfleet Valley, Northfleet, Kent: ARC EFT 97: Archaeological Evaluation: Volume 1 Report. |
<4> | Unpublished document: Oxford Archaeological Unit. 1997. The Ebbsfleet Valley, Northfleet Kent, ARC EFT 97: Archaeological Evalaution: Volume 2 Appendices. |
<5> | Unpublished document: Oxford Archaeological Unit. 1997. The Ebbsfleet Valley, Northfleet, Kent: ARC EFT 97: Archaeological Evaluation: Volume 3 Figures and Plates. |
<6> | Unpublished document: Oxford Archaeology. 2003. Ebbsfleet Valley Detailed Mitigation Works, Northfleet, Kent: Interim Statement. |
<7> | Unpublished document: Oxford Archaeological Unit. 2001. Channel Tunnel Rail Link Ebbsfleet Sports Ground, Northfleet, ARC ESG00, Phase 2 Evaluation Archaeological Works Fieldwork Report Final. |
<8> | Monograph: Oxford Wessex Archaeology Joint Venture. 2011. Settling the Ebbsfleet Valley. CTRL Excavations at Springhead and Northfleet, Kent. Volume 2: Late Iron Age to Roman Finds Reports. |
Related records
TQ 67 SW 1513 | Parent of: Late iron age to early/middle Roman activity west of Northfleet Roman villa, Northfleet - Early Roman ditches (Monument) |
TQ 67 SW 1514 | Parent of: Late iron age to early/middle Roman activity west of Northfleet Roman villa, Northfleet - Early Roman pits (Monument) |
TQ 67 SW 1511 | Parent of: Late iron age to early/middle Roman activity west of Northfleet Roman villa, Northfleet - Iron Age gully (Monument) |
TQ 67 SW 1512 | Parent of: Late iron age to early/middle Roman activity west of Northfleet Roman villa, Northfleet - Iron Age pits (Monument) |